Which of the following is a common post-translational modification?

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a common post-translational modification?

Explanation:
Post-translational modification is the chemical change added to a protein after its synthesis, tailoring its folding, stability, and location. Glycosylation fits this idea perfectly: sugar groups are covalently attached to specific amino acids after the protein is made, often in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. This modification helps proteins fold correctly, determine their stability and trafficking, and participate in cell signaling and recognition. The other options involve processes in gene expression or DNA handling—transcription initiation starts RNA synthesis, mRNA capping occurs on RNA during processing, and DNA replication copies the genome—so they are not examples of modifying a protein after translation.

Post-translational modification is the chemical change added to a protein after its synthesis, tailoring its folding, stability, and location. Glycosylation fits this idea perfectly: sugar groups are covalently attached to specific amino acids after the protein is made, often in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. This modification helps proteins fold correctly, determine their stability and trafficking, and participate in cell signaling and recognition. The other options involve processes in gene expression or DNA handling—transcription initiation starts RNA synthesis, mRNA capping occurs on RNA during processing, and DNA replication copies the genome—so they are not examples of modifying a protein after translation.

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